Chapter 1 — GENERAL PROVISIONS.

ALABAMA STATUTES AND CODES

Chapter 1 — GENERAL PROVISIONS.

Article 1 Definitions and Other General Provisions.

Division A Definitions, Applicability, and Purpose.

Section 10A-1-1.01 Short title.
Section 10A-1-1.02 Applicability of chapter.
Section 10A-1-1.03 Definitions.
Section 10A-1-1.04 Disinterested person.
Section 10A-1-1.05 Conspicuous information.
Section 10A-1-1.06 Synonymous terms.
Section 10A-1-1.07 Signing of document or other writing.
Section 10A-1-1.08 Short titles.
Section 10A-1-1.09 Reference in law to statute revised by title.
Section 10A-1-1.10 Reservation of power.

Division B Determination of Applicable Law.

Section 10A-1-1.11 Law governing filing entities.
Section 10A-1-1.12 Entities not formed by filing instrument.
Section 10A-1-1.13 Internal affairs.

Article 2 Purposes and Powers of Domestic Entity.

Division A Purposes of Domestic Entity.

Section 10A-1-2.01 General scope of permissible purposes.
Section 10A-1-2.02 Prohibited purposes.
Section 10A-1-2.03 Limitation on purposes of professional entity.
Section 10A-1-2.04 Limitation in governing documents.

Division B Powers of Domestic Entity.

Section 10A-1-2.11 General powers.
Section 10A-1-2.12 Consideration for indebtedness.
Section 10A-1-2.13 Power to make guaranties.
Section 10A-1-2.14 Stated powers in division sufficient.
Section 10A-1-2.15 Limitation on powers.
Section 10A-1-2.16 Certificated indebtedness; manner of issuance; signature and seal.
Section 10A-1-2.17 Business transactions of owner with entity.

Article 3 Formation and Governance.

Division A Formation, Existence, and Certificate.

Section 10A-1-3.01 Formation and existence of filing entities.
Section 10A-1-3.02 Formation and existence of nonfiling entities.
Section 10A-1-3.03 Duration.
Section 10A-1-3.04 Execution of certificate of formation.
Section 10A-1-3.05 Certificate of formation.
Section 10A-1-3.06 Filings in case of merger or conversion.

Division B Amendments and Restatements of Certificate of Formation.

Section 10A-1-3.11 Right to amend certificate of formation.
Section 10A-1-3.12 Procedures to amend certificate of formation.
Section 10A-1-3.13 Certificate of amendment.
Section 10A-1-3.14 Effect of filing certificate of amendment.
Section 10A-1-3.15 Right to restate certificate of formation.
Section 10A-1-3.16 Procedures to restate certificate of formation.
Section 10A-1-3.17 Restated certificate of formation.
Section 10A-1-3.18 Effect of filing of restated certificate of formation.

Division C Governing Persons and Officers.

Section 10A-1-3.21 Rights of governing persons in certain cases.
Section 10A-1-3.22 Officers.
Section 10A-1-3.23 Removal of officers.
Section 10A-1-3.24 Rights of officers in certain cases.

Division D Recordkeeping.

Section 10A-1-3.31 Books and records for domestic entities.
Section 10A-1-3.32 Right of examination by owner or member of a filing entity other than a corporation, professional corporation, or real estate investment trust.
Section 10A-1-3.33 Governing person's right of inspection.

Division E Certificates Representing Ownership Interest.

Section 10A-1-3.41 Certificated or uncertificated ownership interest.
Section 10A-1-3.42 Form and validity of certificates; enforcement of entity's rights.
Section 10A-1-3.43 Signature requirement.
Section 10A-1-3.44 Delivery requirement.
Section 10A-1-3.45 Notice for uncertificated ownership interest.

Article 4 Filings.

Division A General Provisions.

Section 10A-1-4.01 Signature and delivery; execution by judicial act.
Section 10A-1-4.02 Place of filing and filing duties of judge of probate and Secretary of State.
Section 10A-1-4.03 Time for filing.
Section 10A-1-4.04 Certificates and certified copies.
Section 10A-1-4.05 Forms adopted by Secretary of State.
Section 10A-1-4.06 Powers of judge of probate and Secretary of State.

Division B When Filings Take Effect.

Section 10A-1-4.11 General rule.
Section 10A-1-4.12 Delayed effectiveness of certain filings.
Section 10A-1-4.13 Abandonment before effectiveness.
Section 10A-1-4.14 Delayed effectiveness not permitted.
Section 10A-1-4.15 Acknowledgement of filing with delayed effectiveness.

Division C Correction and Amendment.

Section 10A-1-4.21 Corrections of filings.
Section 10A-1-4.22 Limitation on correction of filings.
Section 10A-1-4.23 Certificate of correction.
Section 10A-1-4.24 Filing certificate of correction.
Section 10A-1-4.25 Effect of certificate of correction.
Section 10A-1-4.26 Amendment of filings.

Division D Filing Fees.

Section 10A-1-4.31 Filing fees; all entities.

Article 5 Names of Entities; Registered Agents and Registered Officers.

Division A General Provisions.

Section 10A-1-5.01 Effect on rights under other law.
Section 10A-1-5.02 Unauthorized purpose in name prohibited.
Section 10A-1-5.03 Names prohibited.
Section 10A-1-5.04 Name of corporation or foreign corporation.
Section 10A-1-5.05 Name of limited partnership or foreign limited partnership.
Section 10A-1-5.06 Name of limited liability company or foreign limited liability company.
Section 10A-1-5.07 Name of registered limited liability partnership.
Section 10A-1-5.08 Name of professional corporation.
Section 10A-1-5.09 Name of professional entity; conflict with other law or ethical rule.

Division B Reservation of Names.

Section 10A-1-5.11 Application for reservation of name.
Section 10A-1-5.12 Reservation of certain names prohibited; exceptions.
Section 10A-1-5.13 Action on application.
Section 10A-1-5.14 Duration of reservation of name.
Section 10A-1-5.15 Renewal of reservation.
Section 10A-1-5.16 Transfer of reservation of name.

Division C Registration of Names.

Section 10A-1-5.21 Application by certain entities for registration of name.
Section 10A-1-5.22 Application for registration of name.
Section 10A-1-5.23 Certain registrations prohibited; exceptions.
Section 10A-1-5.24 Duration of registration of name.
Section 10A-1-5.25 Renewal of registration; rights with respect to registered name.

Division D Registered Agents and Registered Offices; Service of Process.

Section 10A-1-5.31 Designation and maintenance of registered agent and registered office.
Section 10A-1-5.32 Change by entity of registered office or registered agent.
Section 10A-1-5.33 Change by registered agent of name or address of registered agent.
Section 10A-1-5.34 Resignation of registered agent.
Section 10A-1-5.35 Failure to designate and maintain registered agent.
Section 10A-1-5.36 Method of service on entity not exclusive.

Article 6 Indemnification and Insurance.

Division A General Provisions.

Section 10A-1-6.01 Definitions.
Section 10A-1-6.02 Application of article.

Division B Mandatory and Court Ordered Indemnification.

Section 10A-1-6.11 Mandatory indemnification.
Section 10A-1-6.12 Court-ordered indemnification.
Section 10A-1-6.13 Limitations in governing documents.

Division C Permissive Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses.

Section 10A-1-6.21 Permissive indemnification.
Section 10A-1-6.22 General scope of permissive indemnification.
Section 10A-1-6.23 Manner for determining permissive indemnification.
Section 10A-1-6.24 Advancement of expenses.
Section 10A-1-6.25 Indemnification and advancement of expenses to persons other than governing persons.
Section 10A-1-6.26 Permissive indemnification of and reimbursement of expenses to witnesses.

Division D Liability Insurance; Reporting Requirements.

Section 10A-1-6.31 Insurance and other arrangements.
Section 10A-1-6.32 Reports of indemnification and advances.

Article 7 Foreign Entities.

Division A Registration.

Section 10A-1-7.01 Foreign entities required to register.
Section 10A-1-7.02 Foreign entities not required to register.
Section 10A-1-7.03 Permissive registration.
Section 10A-1-7.04 Registration procedure.
Section 10A-1-7.05 Effect of registration.
Section 10A-1-7.06 Amendments to registration.
Section 10A-1-7.07 Entity name.

Division B Withdrawal.

Section 10A-1-7.11 Voluntary withdrawal of registration.
Section 10A-1-7.12 Grounds for revocation.
Section 10A-1-7.13 Procedure for and effect of revocation.
Section 10A-1-7.14 Appeal from revocation.

Division C Consequences of Transacting Business without Registering.

Section 10A-1-7.21 Transaction of business without registration; generally.
Section 10A-1-7.22 Transaction of business without registration; actions to restrain.
Section 10A-1-7.23 Late filing fee.
Section 10A-1-7.24 Requirements of other law.

Division D Business, Rights, and Obligations.

Section 10A-1-7.31 Business of foreign entity.
Section 10A-1-7.32 Rights and privileges.
Section 10A-1-7.33 Obligations and liabilities.
Section 10A-1-7.34 Right of foreign filing entity to participate in the business of certain domestic entities.
Section 10A-1-7.35 Out of state business or property of foreign entity not subject to control or regulation.
Section 10A-1-7.36 Right of eminent domain.
Section 10A-1-7.37 Extension of lines, tracks, ways, or works into state.