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CALIFORNIA STATUTES AND CODES

SECTIONS 60-69.5

REVENUE AND TAXATION CODE
SECTION 60-69.5
60. A "change in ownership" means a transfer of a present interest in real property, including the beneficial use thereof, the value of which is substantially equal to the value of the fee interest. 61. Except as otherwise provided in Section 62, change in ownership, as defined in Section 60, includes, but is not limited to: (a) The creation, renewal, sublease, assignment, or other transfer of the right to produce or extract oil, gas, or other minerals regardless of the period during which the right may be exercised. The balance of the property, other than the mineral rights, shall not be reappraised pursuant to this section. (b) The creation, renewal, extension, or assignment of a taxable possessory interest in tax exempt real property for any term. For purposes of this subdivision: (1) "Renewal" and "extension" do not include the granting of an option to renew or extend an existing agreement pursuant to which the term of possession of the existing agreement would, upon exercise of the option, be lengthened, whether the option is granted in the original agreement or subsequent thereto. (2) Any "renewal" or "extension" of a possessory interest during the reasonably anticipated term of possession used by the assessor to value that interest does not cause a change in ownership until the end of the reasonably anticipated term of possession used by the assessor to value that interest. At the end of the reasonably anticipated term of possession used by the assessor, a new base year value, based on a new reasonably anticipated term of possession, shall be established for the possessory interest. (3) "Assignment" of a possessory interest means the transfer of all rights held by a transferor in a possessory interest. (c) (1) (A) The creation of a leasehold interest in taxable real property for a term of 35 years or more (including renewal options). (B) The termination of a leasehold interest in taxable real property which had an original term of 35 years or more (including renewal options). (C) Any transfer of a leasehold interest having a remaining term of 35 years or more (including renewal options). (D) Any transfer of a lessor's interest in taxable real property subject to a lease with a remaining term (including renewal options) of less than 35 years. (2) Only that portion of a property subject to that lease or transfer shall be considered to have undergone a change in ownership. (3) For the purpose of this subdivision, for 1979-80 and each year thereafter, it shall be conclusively presumed that all homes eligible for the homeowners' exemption, other than manufactured homes located on rented or leased land and subject to taxation pursuant to Part 13 (commencing with Section 5800) and floating homes subject to taxation pursuant to Section 229, that are on leased land have a renewal option of at least 35 years on the lease of that land, whether or not in fact that renewal option exists in any contract or agreement. (d) (1) (A) A sublease of a taxable possessory interest in tax-exempt real property for a term, including renewal options, that exceeds half the length of the remaining term of the leasehold, including renewal options. (B) The termination of a sublease of a taxable possessory interest in tax-exempt property with an original term, including renewal options, that exceeds half the length of the remaining term of the leasehold, including renewal options. (C) Any transfer of a sublessee's interest with a remaining term, including renewal options, that exceeds half of the remaining term of the leasehold. (2) Any transfer of a possessory interest in tax-exempt real property subject to a sublease with a remaining term, including renewal options, that does not exceed half the remaining term of the leasehold, including renewal options. (e) The creation, transfer, or termination of any joint tenancy interest, except as provided in subdivision (f) of Section 62, and in Section 63 and Section 65. (f) The creation, transfer, or termination of any tenancy-in-common interest, except as provided in subdivision (a) of Section 62 and in Section 63. (g) Any vesting of the right to possession or enjoyment of a remainder or reversionary interest that occurs upon the termination of a life estate or other similar precedent property interest, except as provided in subdivision (d) of Section 62 and in Section 63. (h) Any interests in real property that vest in persons other than the trustor (or, pursuant to Section 63, his or her spouse) when a revocable trust becomes irrevocable. (i) The transfer of stock of a cooperative housing corporation, vested with legal title to real property that conveys to the transferee the exclusive right to occupancy and possession of that property, or a portion thereof. A "cooperative housing corporation" is a real estate development in which membership in the corporation, by stock ownership, is coupled with the exclusive right to possess a portion of the real property. (j) The transfer of any interest in real property between a corporation, partnership, or other legal entity and a shareholder, partner, or any other person. 62. Change in ownership shall not include: (a) (1) Any transfer between coowners that results in a change in the method of holding title to the real property transferred without changing the proportional interests of the coowners in that real property, such as a partition of a tenancy in common. (2) Any transfer between an individual or individuals and a legal entity or between legal entities, such as a cotenancy to a partnership, a partnership to a corporation, or a trust to a cotenancy, that results solely in a change in the method of holding title to the real property and in which proportional ownership interests of the transferors and transferees, whether represented by stock, partnership interest, or otherwise, in each and every piece of real property transferred, remain the same after the transfer. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply to transfers also excluded from change in ownership under the provisions of subdivision (b) of Section 64. (b) Any transfer for the purpose of perfecting title to the property. (c) (1) The creation, assignment, termination, or reconveyance of a security interest; or (2) the substitution of a trustee under a security instrument. (d) Any transfer by the trustor, or by the trustor's spouse or registered domestic partner, or by both, into a trust for so long as (1) the transferor is the present beneficiary of the trust, or (2) the trust is revocable; or any transfer by a trustee of such a trust described in either clause (1) or (2) back to the trustor; or, any creation or termination of a trust in which the trustor retains the reversion and in which the interest of others does not exceed 12 years duration. (e) Any transfer by an instrument whose terms reserve to the transferor an estate for years or an estate for life. However, the termination of such an estate for years or estate for life shall constitute a change in ownership, except as provided in subdivision (d) and in Section 63. (f) The creation or transfer of a joint tenancy interest if the transferor, after the creation or transfer, is one of the joint tenants as provided in subdivision (b) of Section 65. (g) Any transfer of a lessor's interest in taxable real property subject to a lease with a remaining term (including renewal options) of 35 years or more. For the purpose of this subdivision, for 1979-80 and each year thereafter, it shall be conclusively presumed that all homes eligible for the homeowners' exemption, other than manufactured homes located on rented or leased land and subject to taxation pursuant to Part 13 (commencing with Section 5800) and floating homes subject to taxation pursuant to Section 229, that are on leased land have a renewal option of at least 35 years on the lease of that land, whether or not in fact that renewal option exists in any contract or agreement. (h) Any purchase, redemption, or other transfer of the shares or units of participation of a group trust, pooled fund, common trust fund, or other collective investment fund established by a financial institution. (i) Any transfer of stock or membership certificate in a housing cooperative that was financed under one mortgage, provided that mortgage was insured under Section 213, 221(d)(3), 221(d)(4), or 236 of the National Housing Act, as amended, or that housing cooperative was financed or assisted pursuant to Section 514, 515, or 516 of the Housing Act of 1949 or Section 202 of the Housing Act of 1959, or the housing cooperative was financed by a direct loan from the California Housing Finance Agency, and provided that the regulatory and occupancy agreements were approved by the governmental lender or insurer, and provided that the transfer is to the housing cooperative or to a person or family qualifying for purchase by reason of limited income. Any subsequent transfer from the housing cooperative to a person or family not eligible for state or federal assistance in reduction of monthly carrying charges or interest reduction assistance by reason of the income level of that person or family shall constitute a change of ownership. (j) Any transfer during the period March 1, 1975, to March 1, 1981, between coowners in any property that was held by them as coowners for all or part of that period, and which was eligible for a homeowner's exemption during the period of the coownership, notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter. Any transferee whose interest was revalued in contravention of the provisions of this subdivision shall obtain a reversal of that revaluation with respect to the 1980-81 assessment year and thereafter, upon application to the county assessor of the county in which the property is located filed on or before March 26, 1982. No refunds shall be made under this subdivision for any assessment year prior to the 1980-81 fiscal year. (k) Any transfer of property or an interest therein between a corporation sole, a religious corporation, a public benefit corporation, and a holding corporation as defined in Section 23701h holding title for the benefit of any of these corporations, or any combination thereof (including any transfer from one entity to the same type of entity), provided that both the transferee and transferor are regulated by laws, rules, regulations, or canons of the same religious denomination. (l) Any transfer, that would otherwise be a transfer subject to reappraisal under this chapter, between or among the same parties for the purpose of correcting or reforming a deed to express the true intentions of the parties, provided that the original relationship between the grantor and grantee is not changed. (m) Any intrafamily transfer of an eligible dwelling unit from a parent or parents or legal guardian or guardians to a minor child or children or between or among minor siblings as a result of a court order or judicial decree due to the death of the parent or parents. As used in this subdivision, "eligible dwelling unit" means the dwelling unit that was the principal place of residence of the minor child or children prior to the transfer and remains the principal place of residence of the minor child or children after the transfer. (n) Any transfer of an eligible dwelling unit, whether by will, devise, or inheritance, from a parent or parents to a child or children, or from a guardian or guardians to a ward or wards, if the child, children, ward, or wards have been disabled, as provided in subdivision (e) of Section 12304 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, for at least five years preceding the transfer and if the child, children, ward, or wards have adjusted gross income that, when combined with the adjusted gross income of a spouse or spouses, parent or parents, and child or children, does not exceed twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) in the year in which the transfer occurs. As used in this subdivision, "child" or "ward" includes a minor or an adult. As used in this subdivision, "eligible dwelling unit" means the dwelling unit that was the principal place of residence of the child or children, or ward or wards for at least five years preceding the transfer and remains the principal place of residence of the child or children, or ward or wards after the transfer. Any transferee whose property was reassessed in contravention of the provisions of this subdivision for the 1984-85 assessment year shall obtain a reversal of that reassessment upon application to the county assessor of the county in which the property is located. Application by the transferee shall be made to the assessor no later than 30 days after the later of either the transferee's receipt of notice of reassessment pursuant to Section 75.31 or the end of the 1984-85 fiscal year. (o) Any transfer of a possessory interest in tax-exempt real property subject to a sublease with a remaining term, including renewal options, that exceeds half the length of the remaining term of the leasehold, including renewal options. (p) (1) Commencing on January 1, 2000, any transfer between registered domestic partners, as defined in Section 297 of the Family Code, including, but not limited to: (A) Transfers to a trustee for the beneficial use of a registered domestic partner, or the surviving registered domestic partner of a deceased transferor, or by a trustee of such a trust to the registered domestic partner of the trustor. (B) Transfers that take effect upon the death of a registered domestic partner. (C) Transfers to a registered domestic partner or former registered domestic partner in connection with a property settlement agreement or decree of dissolution of a registered domestic partnership or legal separation. (D) The creation, transfer, or termination, solely between registered domestic partners, of any coowner's interest. (E) The distribution of a legal entity's property to a registered domestic partner or former registered domestic partner in exchange for the interest of the registered domestic partner in the legal entity in connection with a property settlement agreement or a decree of dissolution of a registered domestic partnership or legal separation. (2) Any transferee whose property was reassessed in contravention of the provisions of this subdivision for a transfer occurring between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2006, shall obtain a reversal of that reassessment upon application to the county assessor of the county in which the property is located. Application by the transferee shall be made to the assessor no later than June 30, 2009. A county may charge a fee for its costs related to the application and reassessment reversal in an amount that does not exceed the actual costs incurred. This paragraph shall be liberally construed to provide the benefits of this subdivision and Article XIII A of the California Constitution to registered domestic partners. (A) After consultation with the California Assessors' Association, the State Board of Equalization shall prescribe the form for claiming the reassessment reversal described in paragraph (2). The claim form shall be entitled "Claim for Reassessment Reversal for Registered Domestic Partners." The claim shall state on its face that a "certificate of registered domestic partnership" is available upon request from the California Secretary of State. (B) The information on the claim shall include a description of the property, the parties to the transfer of interest in the property, the date of the transfer of interest in the property, and a statement that the transferee registered domestic partner and the transferor registered domestic partner were, on the date of transfer, in a registered domestic partnership as defined in Section 297 of the Family Code. (C) The claimant shall declare that the information provided on the form is true, correct, and complete to the best of his or her knowledge and belief. (D) The claimant shall provide with the completed claim the "Certificate of Registered Domestic Partnership," or photocopy thereof, naming the transferee and transferor as registered domestic partners and reflecting the creation of the registered domestic partnership on a date prior to, or concurrent with, the date of the transfer for which a reassessment reversal is requested. (E) Any reassessment reversal granted pursuant to a claim shall apply commencing with the lien date of the assessment year, as defined in Section 118, in which the claim is filed. No refunds shall be made under this paragraph for any prior assessment year. (F) Under any reassessment reversal granted pursuant to that claim, the adjusted full cash value of the subject real property in the assessment year described in subparagraph (E) shall be the adjusted base year value of the subject real property in the assessment year in which the excluded purchase or transfer took place, factored to the assessment year described in subparagraph (E) for both of the following: (i) Inflation as annually determined in accordance with paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 51. (ii) Any subsequent new construction occurring with respect to the subject real property. 62.1. (a) Change in ownership shall not include the following: (1) Any transfer, on or after January 1, 1985, of a mobilehome park to a nonprofit corporation, stock cooperative corporation, limited equity stock cooperative, or other entity formed by the tenants of a mobilehome park, for the purpose of purchasing the mobilehome park, provided that, with respect to any transfer of a mobilehome park on or after January 1, 1989, subject to this paragraph, the individual tenants who were renting at least 51 percent of the spaces in the mobilehome park prior to the transfer participate in the transaction through the ownership of an aggregate of at least 51 percent of the voting stock of, or other ownership or membership interests in, the entity which acquires the park. If, on or after January 1, 1998, a park is acquired by an entity that did not attain an initial tenant participation level of at least 51 percent on the date of the transfer, the entity shall have up to one year after the date of the transfer to attain a tenant participation level of at least 51 percent. If an individual tenant notifies the county assessor of the intention to comply with the conditions set forth in the preceding sentence, the mobilehome park may not be reappraised by the assessor during that period. However, if a tenant participation level of at least 51 percent is not attained within the one-year period, the county assessor shall thereafter levy escape assessments for the mobilehome park transfer. (2) Any transfer or transfers on or after January 1, 1985, of rental spaces in a mobilehome park to the individual tenants of the rental spaces, provided that (1) at least 51 percent of the rental spaces are purchased by individual tenants renting their spaces prior to purchase, and (2) the individual tenants of these spaces form, within one year after the first purchase of a rental space by an individual tenant, a resident organization as described in subdivision (l) of Section 50781 of the Health and Safety Code, to operate and maintain the park. If, on or after January 1, 1985, an individual tenant or tenants notify the county assessor of the intention to comply with the conditions set forth in the preceding sentence, any mobilehome park rental space that is purchased by an individual tenant in that mobilehome park during that period shall not be reappraised by the assessor. However, if all of the conditions set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph are not satisfied, the county assessor shall thereafter levy escape assessments for the spaces so transferred. This paragraph shall apply only to those rental mobilehome parks that have been in operation for five years or more. (b) (1) If the transfer of a mobilehome park has been excluded from a change in ownership pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) and the park has not been converted to condominium, stock cooperative ownership, or limited equity cooperative ownership, any transfer on or after January 1, 1989, of shares of the voting stock of, or other ownership or membership interests in, the entity that acquired the park in accordance with paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) shall be a change in ownership of a pro rata portion of the real property of the park unless the transfer is for the purpose of converting the park to condominium, stock cooperative ownership, or limited equity cooperative ownership or is excluded from change in ownership by Section 62, 63, or 63.1. (2) For the purposes of this subdivision, "pro rata portion of the real property" means the total real property of the mobilehome park multiplied by a fraction consisting of the number of shares of voting stock, or other ownership or membership interests, transferred divided by the total number of outstanding issued or unissued shares of voting stock of, or other ownership or membership interests in, the entity that acquired the park in accordance with paragraph (1) of subdivision (a). (3) Any pro rata portion or portions of real property that changed ownership pursuant to this subdivision may be separately assessed as provided in Section 2188.10. (4) (A) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, after an exclusion under subdivision (a), the assessor may not levy any escape or supplemental assessment with respect to any change in ownership of a pro rata portion of the real property of the mobilehome park that occurred between January 1, 1989, and January 1, 2002, and for which the assessor did not, prior to January 1, 2000, levy any assessments. However, commencing with the January 1, 2002, lien date, the assessor shall correct the base year value of the pro rata portion of the real property of the park to properly reflect these changes in ownership. A mobilehome park shall provide information requested by the assessor that is necessary to correct the base year value of the property for purposes of this paragraph. (B) When an assessor corrects the base year value of the real property of the park pursuant to subparagraph (A), the assessor shall notify parks that residents may be eligible for property tax assistance programs offered by either the Controller or the Franchise Tax Board for senior citizens, or blind or disabled persons. (C) Any outstanding taxes that were levied between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2002, as a result of a pro rata change in ownership as described in subparagraph (A) shall be canceled. However, there shall be no refund of taxes, as so levied, that were paid prior to January 1, 2002. (5) A mobilehome park that does not utilize recorded deeds to transfer ownership interest in the spaces or lots shall file, by February 1 of each year, a report with the county assessor's office containing all of the following information: (A) The full name and mailing address of each owner, stockholder, or holder of an ownership interest in the mobilehome park. (B) The situs address, including space number, of each unit. (C) The date that the ownership interest was acquired. (D) If the unit is a manufactured home, the Department of Housing and Community Development decal number or serial number, or both, and whether the manufactured home is subject to the vehicle license fee or the local property tax. (6) Within 30 days of a change in ownership, the new resident owner or other purchaser or transferee of a manufactured home within a mobilehome park that does not utilize recorded deeds to transfer ownership interest in the spaces or lots shall file a change in ownership statement described in either Section 480 or 480.2. (7) Failure to comply with the reporting requirement described in paragraph (5) shall result in a penalty pursuant to Section 482. (c) It is the intent of the Legislature that, in order to facilitate affordable conversions of mobilehome parks to tenant ownership, paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) apply to all bona fide transfers of rental mobilehome parks to tenant ownership, including, but not limited to, those parks converted to tenant ownership as a nonprofit corporation made on or after January 1, 1985. 62.2. (a) (1) Subject to paragraph (2), change in ownership shall not include any transfer on or after January 1, 1989, of a mobilehome park to a nonprofit corporation, stock cooperative corporation, tenant-in-common ownership group, or any other entity, including a governmental entity, if, within 18 months after the transfer, the mobilehome park is transferred by that corporation or other entity, including a governmental entity, to a nonprofit corporation, stock cooperative corporation, or other entity formed by the tenants of the mobilehome park in a transaction that is excluded from change in ownership by paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 62.1, or at least 51 percent of the mobilehome park rental spaces are transferred to the individual tenants of those spaces in a transaction excluded from change in ownership by paragraph (2) subdivision (a) of Section 62.1. (2) (A) Any mobilehome park that was initially transferred on or after January 1, 1993, to a nonprofit corporation, stock cooperative corporation, tenant-in-common ownership group, or any other entity, including a governmental entity, that is subsequently transferred within 36 months of that initial transfer as provided in paragraph (1), shall qualify for the exclusion from change in ownership pursuant to this subdivision. In applying the 36-month limit specified in the preceding sentence to the subsequent transfer to an individual tenant, as provided in paragraph (1), of a rental space in a mobilehome park that was initially transferred on or after January 1, 1995, to a nonprofit corporation, stock cooperative corporation, tenant-in-common ownership group, or any other entity, the execution of a purchase contract and the opening of a bona fide purchase escrow with a licensed escrow agent shall be deemed to transfer the rental space in compliance with that 36-month limit, provided that both of the following conditions are met: (i) The escrow is opened prior to the expiration of the 36-month time period. (ii) The escrow closes on a date no later than six months after the end of the 36-month time period. (B) A mobilehome park located within a disaster area that was initially transferred on or after October 1, 1991, and before October 31, 1991, to a nonprofit corporation, stock cooperative corporation, or other entity, that is subsequently transferred within 76 months of that initial transfer as provided in paragraph (1), shall qualify for the exclusion from change in ownership pursuant to this subdivision. For purposes of the preceding sentence, "mobilehome park located within a disaster area" means a mobilehome park that is located in the County of Los Angeles in an area for which both of the following apply: (i) The Governor, as a result of the January 17, 1994, Northridge earthquake, has declared the area to be in a state of disaster and certified the area's need for assistance. (ii) The President of the United States has, pursuant to federal law, determined the area to be in a state of major disaster. The exclusion from change in ownership pursuant to this subdivision of a mobilehome park located within a disaster area shall be effective commencing with the 1995-96 fiscal year, and shall not require any affected county to refund any amount of property tax levied with respect to a mobilehome park for the period from October 1, 1991, to June 30, 1995, inclusive. (b) With respect to any transfer of any mobilehome park on or after January 1, 1989, subject to this section, the individual tenants who are renting at least a majority of the spaces in the mobilehome park prior to the transfer to the entity formed by the tenants for the acquisition of the park shall participate in the transaction through the ownership of an aggregate of at least a majority of voting stock of, or other ownership or membership interest in, that entity. (c) This section shall not apply if any fees charged the mobilehome park tenants in connection with either the first or second transfer exceed 15 percent of the total consideration paid for the mobilehome park in the first transfer, plus any accrued interest and taxes. (d) If the assessor is notified in writing at the time the transferee files the change in ownership statement that the transferee intends to qualify the transfer under this section, the mobilehome park shall not be reappraised pending satisfaction of the relevant conditions set forth in this section for exclusion from change in ownership. If the transferee fails to satisfy those conditions, the assessor shall reappraise the mobilehome park and levy escape assessments or supplemental assessments, as appropriate. For escape or supplemental assessments levied pursuant to the preceding sentence with respect to a mobilehome park located within a disaster area, both of the following conditions shall apply: (1) The limitations period shall be that period specified in either subdivision (b) of Section 532 or subdivision (d) of Section 75.11, as applicable. (2) For purposes of applying the limitations periods specified in paragraph (1), the expiration date of the 76-month period specified in subdivision (a) shall be deemed to be the date upon which the initial transfer of the mobilehome park was reported to the assessor. 62.11. Change in ownership does not include the recordation of a certificate of sale pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 729.040 of the Code of Civil Procedure, relating to property sold subject to the right of redemption, for the period in which the right of redemption exists. 63. Notwithstanding any other provision in this chapter, a change of ownership shall not include any interspousal transfer, including, but not limited to: (a) Transfers to a trustee for the beneficial use of a spouse, or the surviving spouse of a deceased transferor, or by a trustee of such a trust to the spouse of the trustor, (b) Transfers which take effect upon the death of a spouse, (c) Transfers to a spouse or former spouse in connection with a property settlement agreement or decree of dissolution of a marriage or legal separation, or (d) The creation, transfer, or termination, solely between spouses, of any coowner's interest. (e) The distribution of a legal entity's property to a spouse or former spouse in exchange for the interest of such spouse in the legal entity in connection with a property settlement agreement or a decree of dissolution of a marriage or legal separation. 63.1. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, a change in ownership shall not include the following purchases or transfers for which a claim is filed pursuant to this section: (1) (A) The purchase or transfer of real property which is the principal residence of an eligible transferor in the case of a purchase or transfer between parents and their children. (B) A purchase or transfer of a principal residence from a foster child to the child's biological parent shall not be excluded under subparagraph (A) if the transferor child received that principal residence, or interest therein, from a foster parent through a purchase or transfer that was excluded under subparagraph (A). (2) The purchase or transfer of the first one million dollars ($1,000,000) of full cash value of all other real property of an eligible transferor in the case of a purchase or transfer between parents and their children. (3) (A) Subject to subparagraph (B), the purchase or transfer of real property described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subdivision (a) occurring on or after March 27, 1996, between grandparents and their grandchild or grandchildren, if all of the parents of that grandchild or those grandchildren, who qualify as the children of the grandparents, are deceased as of the date of purchase or transfer. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for the lien date for the 2006-07 fiscal year and each fiscal year thereafter, in determining whether "all of the parents of that grandchild or those grandchildren, who qualify as the children of the grandparents, are deceased as of the date of purchase or transfer," a son-in-law or daughter-in-law of the grandparent that is a stepparent to the grandchild need not be deceased on the date of the transfer. (B) A purchase or transfer of a principal residence shall not be excluded pursuant to subparagraph (A) if the transferee grandchild or grandchildren also received a principal residence, or interest therein, through another purchase or transfer that was excludable pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (a). The full cash value of any real property, other than a principal residence, that was transferred to the grandchild or grandchildren pursuant to a purchase or transfer that was excludable pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) and the full cash value of a principal residence that fails to qualify for exclusion as a result of the preceding sentence shall be included in applying, for purposes of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a), the one million dollar ($1,000,000) full cash value limit specified in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a). (b) (1) For purposes of paragraph (1) of subdivision (a), "principal residence" means a dwelling that is eligible for a homeowners' exemption or a disabled veterans' exemption as a result of the transferor's ownership and occupation of the dwelling. "Principal residence" includes only that portion of the land underlying the residence that consists of an area of reasonable size that is used as a site for the residence. (2) For purposes of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a), the one-million-dollar ($1,000,000) exclusion shall apply separately to each eligible transferor with respect to all purchases by and transfers to eligible transferees on and after November 6, 1986, of real property, other than the principal residence, of that eligible transferor. The exclusion shall not apply to any property in which the eligible transferor's interest was received through a transfer, or transfers, excluded from change in ownership by the provisions of either subdivision (f) of Section 62 or subdivision (b) of Section 65, unless the transferor qualifies as an original transferor under subdivision (b) of Section 65. In the case of any purchase or transfer subject to this paragraph involving two or more eligible transferors, the transferors may elect to combine their separate one-million-dollar ($1,000,000) exclusions and, upon making that election, the combined amount of their separate exclusions shall apply to any property jointly sold or transferred by the electing transferors, provided that in no case shall the amount of full cash value of real property of any one eligible transferor excluded under this election exceed the amount of the transferor's separate unused exclusion on the date of the joint sale or transfer. (c) As used in this section: (1) "Purchase or transfer between parents and their children" means either a transfer from a parent or parents to a child or children of the parent or parents or a transfer from a child or children to a parent or parents of the child or children. For purposes of this section, the date of any transfer between parents and their children under a will or intestate succession shall be the date of the decedent's death, if the decedent died on or after November 6, 1986. (2) "Purchase or transfer of real property between grandparents and their grandchild or grandchildren" means a purchase or transfer on or after March 27, 1996, from a grandparent or grandparents to a grandchild or grandchildren if all of the parents of that grandchild or those grandchildren who qualify as the children of the grandparents are deceased as of the date of the transfer. For purposes of this section, the date of any transfer between grandparents and their grandchildren under a will or by intestate succession shall be the date of the decedent's death. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for the lien date for the 2006-07 fiscal year and each fiscal year thereafter, in determining whether "all of the parents of that grandchild or those grandchildren, who qualify as the children of the grandparents, are deceased as of the date of purchase or transfer," a son-in-law or daughter-in-law of the grandparent that is a stepparent to the grandchild need not be deceased on the date of the transfer. (3) "Children" means any of the following: (A) Any child born of the parent or parents, except a child, as defined in subparagraph (D), who has been adopted by another person or persons. (B) Any stepchild of the parent or parents and the spouse of that stepchild while the relationship of stepparent and stepchild exists. For purposes of this paragraph, the relationship of stepparent and stepchild shall be deemed to exist until the marriage on which the relationship is based is terminated by divorce, or, if the relationship is terminated by death, until the remarriage of the surviving stepparent. (C) Any son-in-law or daughter-in-law of the parent or parents. For the purposes of this paragraph, the relationship of parent and son-in-law or daughter-in-law shall be deemed to exist until the marriage on which the relationship is based is terminated by divorce, or, if the relationship is terminated by death, until the remarriage of the surviving son-in-law or daughter-in-law. (D) Any child adopted by the parent or parents pursuant to statute, other than an individual adopted after reaching the age of 18 years. (E) Any foster child of a state-licensed foster parent, if that child was not, because of a legal barrier, adopted by the foster parent or foster parents before the child aged out of the foster care system. For purposes of this paragraph, the relationship between a foster child and foster parent shall be deemed to exist until terminated by death. However, for purposes of a transfer that occurs on the date of death, the relationship shall be deemed to exist on the date of death. (4) "Grandchild" or "grandchildren" means any child or children of the child or children of the grandparent or grandparents. (5) "Full cash value" means full cash value, as defined in Section 2 of Article XIII A of the California Constitution and Section 110.1, with any adjustments authorized by those sections, and the full value of any new construction in progress, determined as of the date immediately prior to the date of a purchase by or transfer to an eligible transferee of real property subject to this section. (6) "Eligible transferor" means a grandparent, parent, or child of an eligible transferee. (7) "Eligible transferee" means a parent, child, or grandchild of an eligible transferor. (8) "Real property" means real property as defined in Section 104. Real property does not include any interest in a legal entity. (9) "Transfer" includes, and is not limited to, any transfer of the present beneficial ownership of property from an eligible transferor to an eligible transferee through the medium of an inter vivos or testamentary trust. (10) "Social security number" also includes a taxpayer identification number issued by the Internal Revenue Service in the case in which the taxpayer is a foreign national who cannot obtain a social security number. (d) (1) The exclusions provided for in subdivision (a) shall not be allowed unless the eligible transferee, the transferee's legal representative, the trustee of the transferee's trust, or the executor or administrator of the transferee's estate files a claim with the assessor for the exclusion sought and furnishes to the assessor each of the following: (A) A written certification by the transferee, the transferee's legal representative, the trustee of the transferee's trust, or the executor or administrator of the transferee's estate, signed and made under penalty of perjury that the transferee is a parent, child, or grandchild of the transferor and that the transferor is his or her parent, child, or grandparent. In the case of a grandparent-grandchild transfer, the written certification shall also include a certification that all the parents of the grandchild or grandchildren who qualify as children of the grandparents were deceased as of the date of the purchase or transfer and that the grandchild or grandchildren did or did not receive a principal residence excludable under paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) from the deceased parents, and that the grandchild or grandchildren did or did not receive real property other than a principal residence excludable under paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) from the deceased parents. The claimant shall provide legal substantiation of any matter certified pursuant to this subparagraph at the request of the county assessor. (B) A written certification by the transferor, the transferor's legal representative, the trustee of the transferor's trust, or the executor or administrator of the transferor's estate, signed and made under penalty of perjury that the transferor is a grandparent, parent, or child of the transferee and that the transferor is seeking the exclusion under this section and will not file a claim to transfer the base year value of the property under Section 69.5. (C) A written certification shall also include either or both of the following: (i) If the purchase or transfer of real property includes the purchase or transfer of residential real property, a certification that the residential real property is or is not the transferor's principal residence. (ii) If the purchase or transfer of real property includes the purchase or transfer of real property other than the transferor's principal residence, a certification that other real property of the transferor that is subject to this section has or has not been previously sold or transferred to an eligible transferee, the total amount of full cash value, as defined in subdivision (c), of any real property subject to this section that has been previously sold or transferred by that transferor to eligible transferees, the location of that real property, the social security number of each eligible transferor, and the names of the eligible transferees of that property. (D) If there are multiple transferees, the certification and signature may be made by any one of the transferees, if both of the following conditions are met: (i) The transferee has actual knowledge that, and the certification signed by the transferee states that, all of the transferees are eligible transferees within the meaning of this section. (ii) The certification is signed by the transferee as a true statement made under penalty of perjury. (E) In the case of a transfer between a foster parent and foster child, the claim filed with the assessor shall include a certified copy of the court decision regarding the foster child status of the individual and a certified statement from the appropriate county agency stating that the foster child was not, because of a legal barrier, adopted by the foster parent or foster parents. Upon a request by the county assessor, the claimant also shall provide to the assessor legal substantiation of any matter certified under this subparagraph. (2) If the full cash value of the real property purchased by or transferred to the transferee exceeds the permissible exclusion of the transferor or the combined permissible exclusion of the transferors, in the case of a purchase or transfer from two or more joint transferors, taking into account any previous purchases by or transfers to an eligible transferee from the same transferor or transferors, the transferee shall specify in his or her claim the amount and the allocation of the exclusion he or she is seeking. Within any appraisal unit, as determined in accordance with subdivision (d) of Section 51 by the assessor of the county in which the real property is located, the exclusion shall be applied only on a pro rata basis, however, and shall not be applied to a selected portion or portions of the appraisal unit. (e) (1) The State Board of Equalization shall design the form for claiming eligibility. Except as provided in paragraph (2), any claim under this section shall be filed: (A) For transfers of real property between parents and their children occurring prior to September 30, 1990, within three years after the date of the purchase or transfer of real property for which the claim is filed. (B) For transfers of real property between parents and their children occurring on or after September 30, 1990, and for the purchase or transfer of real property between grandparents and their grandchildren occurring on or after March 27, 1996, within three years after the date of the purchase or transfer of real property for which the claim is filed, or prior to transfer of the real property to a third party, whichever is earlier. (C) Notwithstanding subparagraphs (A) and (B), a claim shall be deemed to be timely filed if it is filed within six months after the date of mailing of a notice of supplemental or escape assessment, issued as a result of the purchase or transfer of real property for which the claim is filed. (2) In the case in which the real property subject to purchase or transfer has not been transferred to a third party, a claim for exclusion under this section that is filed subsequent to the expiration of the filing periods set forth in paragraph (1) shall be considered by the assessor, subject to all of the following conditions: (A) Any exclusion granted pursuant to that claim shall apply commencing with the lien date of the assessment year in which the claim is filed. (B) Under any exclusion granted pursuant to that claim, the adjusted full cash value of the subject real property in the assessment year described in subparagraph (A) shall be the adjusted base year value of the subject real property in the assessment year in which the excluded purchase or transfer took place, factored to the assessment year described in subparagraph (A) for both of the following: (i) Inflation as annually determined in accordance with paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 51. (ii) Any subsequent new construction occurring with respect to the subject real property. (3) (A) Unless otherwise expressly provided, the provisions of this subdivision shall apply to any purchase or transfer of real property that occurred on or after November 6, 1986. (B) Paragraph (2) shall apply to purchases or transfers between parents and their children that occurred on or after November 6, 1986, and to purchases or transfers between grandparents and their grandchildren that occurred on or after March 27, 1996. (4) For purposes of this subdivision, a transfer of real property to a parent or child of the transferor shall not be considered a transfer to a third party. (f) The assessor may report quarterly to the State Board of Equalization all purchases or transfers, other than purchases or transfers involving a principal residence, for which a claim for exclusion is made pursuant to subdivision (d). Each report shall contain the assessor's parcel number for each parcel for which the exclusion is claimed, the amount of each exclusion claimed, the social security number of each eligible transferor, and any other information the board may require in order to monitor the one-million-dollar ($1,000,000) limitation in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a). In recognition of the state and local interests served by the action made optional in this subdivision, the Legislature encourages the assessor to continue taking the action formerly mandated by this subdivision. (g) This section shall apply to both voluntary transfers and transfers resulting from a court order or judicial decree. Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed as conflicting with paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) or the general principle that transfers by reason of death occur at the time of death. (h) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), this section shall apply to purchases and transfers of real property completed on or after November 6, 1986, and shall not be effective for any change in ownership, including a change in ownership arising on the date of a decedent's death, that occurred prior to that date. (2) This section shall apply to purchases or transfers of real property between grandparents and their grandchildren occurring on or after March 27, 1996, and, with respect to purchases or transfers of real property between grandparents and their grandchildren, shall not be effective for any change in ownership, including a change in ownership arising on the date of a decedent's death, that occurred prior to that date. (i) A claim filed under this section is not a public document and is not subject to public inspection, except that a claim shall be available for inspection by the transferee and the transferor or their respective spouse, the transferee's legal representative, the transferor's legal representative, the trustee of the transferee's trust, the trustee of the transferor's trust, and the executor or administrator of the transferee's or transferor's estate. (j) (1) If the assessor notifies the transferee in writing of potential eligibility for exclusion from change in ownership under this section, a certified claim for exclusion shall be filed with the assessor within 45 days of the date of the notice of potential eligibility. If a certified claim for exclusion is not filed within 45 days, the assessor may send a second notice of potential eligibility for exclusion, notifying the transferee that a certified claim for exclusion has not been received and that reassessment of the property will commence unless a certified claim for exclusion is filed within 60 days of the date of the second notice of potential eligibility. The second notice of potential eligibility shall indicate whether a certified claim for exclusion that is not filed within 60 days will be subject to a processing fee as provided in paragraph (2). (2) If a certified claim for exclusion is not filed within 60 days of the date of the second notice of potential eligibility and an eligible transferee subsequently files a claim and qualifies for the exclusion, the assessor may, upon authorization by a county board of supervisors, require an eligible transferee to pay a one-time processing fee, collected at the time the claim is submitted, and reimbursed by the assessor if the claim is ineligible. The fee shall be subject to the provisions of Chapter 12.5 (commencing with Section 54985) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code and shall not exceed the amount of the actual and reasonable costs incurred by the assessor for reassessment work done due to failure to file the claim for exclusion or one hundred seventy-five dollars ($175), whichever is less. (3) The failure to file a certified claim for exclusion within the filing periods specified by this subdivision shall not be construed to limit any exclusion from being granted pursuant to a claim filed within the filing periods specified by subdivision (e). 64. (a) Except as provided in subdivision (i) of Section 61 and subdivisions (c) and (d) of this section, the purchase or transfer of ownership interests in legal entities, such as corporate stock or partnership or limited liability company interests, shall not be deemed to constitute a transfer of the real property of the legal entity. This subdivision is applicable to the purchase or transfer of ownership interests in a partnership without regard to whether it is a continuing or a dissolved partnership. (b) Any corporate reorganization, where all of the corporations involved are members of an affiliated group, and that qualifies as a reorganization under Section 368 of the United States Internal Revenue Code and that is accepted as a nontaxable event by similar California statutes, or any transfer of real property among members of an affiliated group, or any reorganization of farm credit institutions pursuant to the federal Farm Credit Act of 1971 (Public Law 92-181), as amended, shall not be a change of ownership. The taxpayer shall furnish proof, under penalty of perjury, to the assessor that the transfer meets the requirements of this subdivision. For purposes of this subdivision, "affiliated group" means one or more chains of corporations connected through stock ownership with a common parent corporation if both of the following conditions are met: (1) One hundred percent of the voting stock, exclusive of any share owned by directors, of each of the corporations, except the parent corporation, is owned by one or more of the other corporations. (2) The common parent corporation owns, directly, 100 percent of the voting stock, exclusive of any shares owned by directors, of at least one of the other corporations. (c) (1) When a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, other legal entity, or any other person obtains control through direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 50 percent of the voting stock of any corporation, or obtains a majority ownership interest in any partnership, limited liability company, or other legal entity through the purchase or transfer of corporate stock, partnership, or limited liability company interest, or ownership interests in other legal entities, including any purchase or transfer of 50 percent or less of the ownership interest through which control or a majority ownership interest is obtained, the purchase or transfer of that stock or other interest shall be a change of ownership of the real property owned by the corporation, partnership, limited liability company, or other legal entity in which the controlling interest is obtained. (2) On or after January 1, 1996, when an owner of a majority ownership interest in any partnership obtains all of the remaining ownership interests in that partnership or otherwise becomes the sole partner, the purchase or transfer of the minority interests, subject to the appropriate application of the step-transaction doctrine, shall not be a change in ownership of the real property owned by the partnership. (d) If property is transferred on or after March 1, 1975, to a legal entity in a transaction excluded from change in ownership by paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 62, then the persons holding ownership interests in that legal entity immediately after the transfer shall be considered the "original coowners." Whenever shares or other ownership interests representing cumulatively more than 50 percent of the total interests in the entity are transferred by any of the original coowners in one or more transactions, a change in ownership of that real property owned by the legal entity shall have occurred, and the property that was previously excluded from change in ownership under the provisions of paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 62 shall be reappraised. The date of reappraisal shall be the date of the transfer of the ownership interest representing individually or cumulatively more than 50 percent of the interests in the entity. A transfer of shares or other ownership interests that results in a change in control of a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, or any other legal entity is subject to reappraisal as provided in subdivision (c) rather than this subdivision. (e) To assist in the determination of whether a change of ownership has occurred under subdivisions (c) and (d), the Franchise Tax Board shall include a question in substantially the following form on returns for partnerships, banks, and corporations (except tax-exempt organizations): If the corporation (or partnership or limited liability company) owns real property in California, has cumulatively more than 50 percent of the voting stock (or more than 50 percent of total interest in both partnership or limited liability company capital and partnership or limited liability company profits) (1) been transferred by the corporation (or partnership or limited liability company) since March 1, 1975, or (2) been acquired by another legal entity or person during the year (See instructions.) If the entity answers "yes" to (1) or (2) in the above question, then the Franchise Tax Board shall furnish the names and addresses of that entity and of the stock or partnership or limited liability company ownership interest transferees to the State Board of Equalization. 65. (a) The creation, transfer, or termination of any joint tenancy is a change in ownership except as provided in this section, Section 62, and Section 63. Upon a change in ownership of a joint tenancy interest only the interest or portion which is thereby transferred from one owner to another owner shall be reappraised. (b) There shall be no change in ownership upon the creation or transfer of a joint tenancy interest if the transferor or transferors, after such creation or transfer, are among the joint tenants. Upon the creation of a joint tenancy interest described in this subdivision, the transferor or transferors shall be the "original transferor or transferors" for purposes of determining the property to be reappraised on subsequent transfers. The spouses of original transferors shall also be considered original transferors within the meaning of this section. (c) Upon the termination of an interest in any joint tenancy described in subdivision (b), the entire portion of the property held by the original transferor or transferors prior to the creation of the joint tenancy shall be reappraised unless it vests, in whole or in part, in any remaining original transferor, in which case there shall be no reappraisal. Upon the termination of the interest of the last surviving original transferor, there shall be a reappraisal of the interest then transferred and all other interests in the properties held by all original transferors which were previously excluded from reappraisal pursuant to this section. (d) Upon the termination of an interest held by other than the original transferor in any joint tenancy described in subdivision (b), there shall be no reappraisal if the entire interest is transferred either to an original transferor or to all remaining joint tenants, provided that one of the remaining joint tenants is an original transferor. (e) For purposes of this section, for joint tenancies created on or before March 1, 1975, it shall be rebuttably presumed that each joint tenant holding an interest in property as of March 1, 1975, shall be an "original transferor." This presumption is not applicable to joint tenancies created after March 1, 1975. 65.1. (a) Except for a joint tenancy interest described in subdivision (f) of Section 62, when an interest in a portion of real property is purchased or changes ownership, only the interest or portion transferred shall be reappraised. A purchase or change in ownership of an interest with a market value of less than 5 percent of the value of the total property shall not be reappraised if the market value of the interest transferred is less than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) provided, however, that transfers during any one assessment year shall be cumulated for the purpose of determining the percentage interests and value transferred. (b) If a unit or lot within a cooperative housing corporation, community apartment project, condominium, planned unit development, shopping center, industrial park, or other residential, commercial, or industrial land subdivision complex with common areas or facilities is purchased or changes ownership, then only the unit or lot transferred and the share in the common area reserved as an appurtenance of such unit or lot shall be reappraised. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the increase in property taxes resulting from such reappraisal shall be applied by the owner of such property to the tenant-shareholder, lessee, or occupant of such individual unit or lot only, and shall not be prorated among all other units or lots of such property. 66. Change in ownership does not include any of the following: (a) The creation, vesting, transfer, distribution, or termination of a participant's or beneficiary's interest in an employee benefit plan. (b) Any contribution of real property to an employee benefit plan. (c) Any acquisition by an employee benefit plan of the stock of the employer corporation pursuant to which the employee benefit plan obtains direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 50 percent of the voting stock of the employer corporation. As used in this section, the terms "employer," "employee benefit plan," "participant," and "beneficiary" shall be defined as they are defined in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. 67. "Purchased" or "purchase" means a change in ownership for consideration. 68. For purposes of Section 2 of Article XIII A of the Constitution, the term "change in ownership" shall not include the acquisition of real property as a replacement for comparable property if the person acquiring the real property has been displaced from property in this state by eminent domain proceedings, by acquisition by a public entity, or by governmental action which has resulted in a judgment of inverse condemnation. The adjusted base year value of the property acquired shall be the lower of the fair market value of the property acquired or the value which is the sum of the following: (a) The adjusted base year value of the property from which the person was displaced. (b) The amount, if any, by which the full cash value of the property acquired exceeds 120 percent of the amount received by the person for the property from which the person was displaced. The provisions of this section shall apply to eminent domain proceedings, acquisitions, or judgments of inverse condemnation after March 1, 1975, and shall affect only those assessments of that property which occur after June 8, 1982. Persons acquiring replacement property between March 1, 1975, and January 1, 1983, shall request assessment under this section with the assessor on or before January 1, 1987. Persons acquiring replacement property on and after January 1, 1983, shall request assessment within four years of the date the property was acquired by eminent domain or purchase or the date the judgment of inverse condemnation becomes final. Any change in the adjusted base year value of the replacement property acquired, resulting from the application of the provisions of this section, shall be deemed to be effective on the first day of the month following the month in which the property is acquired. The change in value shall be treated as a change in ownership for the purpose of placing supplemental assessments on the supplemental roll pursuant to Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 75). The assessor shall, however, appraise the replacement property acquired in accordance with the provisions of this section rather than the provisions of Section 75.10. The provisions of Chapter 3.5 shall be liberally construed in order to provide the benefits of this section and Section 2 of Article XIII A of the California Constitution to affected property owners at the earliest possible date. 69. (a) Notwithstanding any other law, pursuant to Section 2 of Article XIII A of the Constitution, the base year value of property that is substantially damaged or destroyed by a disaster, as declared by the Governor, may be transferred to comparable property within the same county, which is acquired or newly constructed within five years after the disaster, including in the case of the Northridge earthquake, as a replacement for the substantially damaged or destroyed property. At the time the base year value of the substantially damaged or destroyed property is transferred to the replacement property, the substantially damaged or destroyed property shall be reassessed at its full cash value; however, the substantially damaged or destroyed property shall retain its base year value notwithstanding the transfer authorized by this section. If the owner or owners of substantially damaged or destroyed property receive property tax relief under this section, that property shall not be eligible for property tax relief under subdivision (c) of Section 70 in the event of its reconstruction. (b) The replacement base year value of the replacement property acquired shall be determined in accordance with this section. The assessor shall use the following proced

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