Article 24c - Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems - Illinois Statutes

      (10 ILCS 5/Art. 24C heading)ARTICLE 24C. DIRECT RECORDING ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEMS

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑1)     Sec. 24C‑1. Purpose. The purpose of this Article is to authorize the use of Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems approved by the State Board of Elections. In a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System, voters cast votes by means of a ballot display provided with mechanical or electro‑optical devices that can be activated by the voters to mark their choices for the candidates of their preference and for or against public questions. Such voting devices shall be capable of instantaneously recording such votes, storing such votes, producing a permanent paper record and tabulating such votes at the precinct or at one or more counting stations. This Article authorizes the use of Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems for in‑precinct counting applications and for in‑person absentee voting in the office of the election authority and in the offices of local officials authorized by the election authority to conduct such absentee voting. All other absentee ballots must be counted at the office of the election authority. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

    (10 ILCS 5/24C‑2)
    Sec. 24C‑2. Definitions. As used in this Article:
    "Audit trail" or "audit capacity" means a continuous trail of evidence linking individual transactions related to the casting of a vote, the vote count and the summary record of vote totals, but which shall not allow for the identification of the voter. It shall permit verification of the accuracy of the count and detection and correction of problems and shall provide a record of each step taken in: defining and producing ballots and generating related software for specific elections; installing ballots and software; testing system readiness; casting and tabulating ballots; and producing images of votes cast and reports of vote totals. The record shall incorporate system status and error messages generated during election processing, including a log of machine activities and routine and unusual intervention by authorized and unauthorized individuals. Also part of an audit trail is the documentation of such items as ballots delivered and collected, administrative procedures for system security, pre‑election testing of voting systems, and maintenance performed on voting equipment. All test plans, test results, documentation, and other records used to plan, execute, and record the results of the testing and verification, including all material prepared or used by independent testing authorities or other third parties, shall be made part of the public record and shall be freely available via the Internet and paper copy to anyone. "Audit trail" or "audit capacity" also means that the voting system is capable of producing and shall produce immediately after a ballot is cast a permanent paper record of each ballot cast that shall be available as an official record for any recount, redundant count, or verification or retabulation of the vote count conducted with respect to any election in which the voting system is used.
    "Ballot" means an electronic audio or video display or any other medium, including paper, used to record a voter's choices for the candidates of their preference and for or against public questions.
    "Ballot configuration" means the particular combination of political subdivision or district ballots including, for each political subdivision or district, the particular combination of offices, candidate names and public questions as it appears for each group of voters who may cast the same ballot.
    "Ballot image" means a corresponding representation in electronic or paper form of the mark or vote position of a ballot.
    "Ballot label" or "ballot screen" means the display of material containing the names of offices and candidates and public questions to be voted on.
    "Central counting" means the counting of ballots in one or more locations selected by the election authority for the processing or counting, or both, of ballots. A location for central counting shall be within the territorial jurisdiction of the election authority unless there is no suitable tabulating equipment available within his territorial jurisdiction. However, in any event a counting location shall be within this State.
    "Computer", "automatic tabulating equipment" or "equipment" includes apparatus necessary to automatically examine and count votes as designated on ballots, and data processing machines which can be used for counting ballots and tabulating results.
    "Computer operator" means any person or persons designated by the election authority to operate the automatic tabulating equipment during any portion of the vote tallying process in an election, but shall not include judges of election operating vote tabulating equipment in the precinct.
    "Computer program" or "program" means the set of operating instructions for the automatic tabulating equipment that examines, records, displays, counts, tabulates, canvasses, or prints votes recorded by a voter on a ballot or that displays any and all information, graphics, or other visual or audio information or images used in presenting voting information, instructions, or voter choices.
    "Direct recording electronic voting system", "voting system" or "system" means the total combination of mechanical, electromechanical or electronic equipment, programs and practices used to define ballots, cast and count votes, report or display election results, maintain or produce any audit trail information, identify all system components, test the system during development, maintenance and operation, maintain records of system errors and defects, determine specific system changes to be made to a system after initial qualification, and make available any materials to the voter such as notices, instructions, forms or paper ballots.
    "Edit listing" means a computer generated listing of the names of each candidate and public question as they appear in the program for each precinct.
    "In‑precinct counting" means the recording and counting of ballots on automatic tabulating equipment provided by the election authority in the same precinct polling place in which those ballots have been cast.
    "Marking device" means any device approved by the State Board of Elections for marking a ballot so as to enable the ballot to be recorded, counted and tabulated by automatic tabulating equipment.
    "Permanent paper record" means a paper record upon which shall be printed in human readable form the votes cast for each candidate and for or against each public question on each ballot recorded in the voting system. Each permanent paper record shall be printed by the voting device upon activation of the marking device by the voter and shall contain a unique, randomly assigned identifying number that shall correspond to the number randomly assigned by the voting system to each ballot as it is electronically recorded.
    "Redundant count" means a verification of the original computer count of ballots by another count using compatible equipment or other means as part of a discovery recount, including a count of the permanent paper record of each ballot cast by using compatible equipment, different equipment approved by the State Board of Elections for that purpose, or by hand.
    "Separate ballot" means a separate page or display screen of the ballot that is clearly defined and distinguishable from other portions of the ballot.
    "Voting device" or "voting machine" means an apparatus that contains the ballot label or ballot screen and allows the voter to record his or her vote.
(Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03; 94‑645, eff. 8‑22‑05.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑3)     Sec. 24C‑3. Adoption, experimentation or abandonment of Direct Recording Electronic Voting System; Boundaries of precincts; Notice. Except as otherwise provided in this Section, any county board, board of county commissioners and any board of election commissioners, with respect to territory within its jurisdiction, may adopt, experiment with, or abandon a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System approved for use by the State Board of Elections and may use such System in all or some of the precincts within its jurisdiction, or in combination with paper ballots or other voting systems. Any county board, board of county commissioners or board of election commissioners may contract for the tabulation of votes at a location outside its territorial jurisdiction when there is no suitable tabulating equipment available within its territorial jurisdiction. In no case may a county board, board of county commissioners or board of election commissioners contract or arrange for the purchase, lease or loan of a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System or System component without the approval of the State Board of Elections as provided by Section 24C‑16.     Before any Direct Recording Electronic Voting System is introduced, adopted or used in any precinct or territory at least 2 months public notice must be given before the date of the first election where the System is to be used. The election authority shall publish the notice at least once in one or more newspapers published within the county or other jurisdiction, where the election is held. If there is no such newspaper, the notice shall be published in a newspaper published in the county and having a general circulation within such jurisdiction. The notice shall be substantially as follows:     "Notice is hereby given that on ... (give date) ..., at ... (give place where election is held) ... in the county of ..., an election will be held for ... (give name of offices to be filled) ... at which a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System will be used."     Dated at ... this ... day of ... 20....?     This notice referred to shall be given only at the first election at which the Direct Recording Electronic Voting System is used. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑3.1)     Sec. 24C‑3.1. Retention or consolidation or alteration of existing precincts; Change of location. When a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System is used, the county board or board of election commissioners may retain existing precincts or may consolidate, combine, alter, decrease or enlarge the boundaries of the precincts to change the number of registered voters of the precincts using the System, establishing the number of registered voters within each precinct at a number not to exceed 800 as the appropriate county board or board of election commissioners determines will afford adequate voting facilities and efficient and economical elections.     Except in the event of a fire, flood or total loss of heat in a place fixed or established pursuant to law by any county board or board of election commissioners as a polling place for an election, no election authority shall change the location of a polling place established for any precinct after notice of the place of holding the election for that precinct has been given as required under Article 12 unless the election authority notifies all registered voters in the precinct of the change in location by first class mail in sufficient time for the notice to be received by the registered voters in the precinct at least one day prior to the date of the election. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑4)     Sec. 24C‑4. Use of Direct Recording Electronic Voting System; Requisites; Applicable procedure. Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems may be used in elections provided that such Systems are approved for use by the State Board of Elections. So far as applicable, the procedure provided for voting paper ballots shall apply when Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems are used. However, the provisions of this Article 24C will govern when there are conflicts. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑5)     Sec. 24C‑5. Voting Stations. In precincts where a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System is used, a sufficient number of voting stations shall be provided for the use of the System according to the requirements determined by the State Board of Elections. Each station shall be placed in a manner so that no judge of election or pollwatcher is able to observe a voter casting a ballot. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑5.1)     Sec. 24C‑5.1. Instruction of Voters; Instruction Model; Partiality to Political Party; Manner of Instruction. Before entering the voting booth each voter shall be offered instruction in using the Direct Recording Electronic Voting System. In instructing voters, no precinct official may show partiality to any political party or candidate. The duties of instruction shall be discharged by a judge from each of the political parties represented and they shall alternate serving as instructor so that each judge shall serve a like time at such duties. No instructions may be given inside a voting booth after the voter has entered the voting booth.     No precinct official or person assisting a voter may in any manner request, suggest, or seek to persuade or induce any voter to cast his or her vote for any particular ticket, candidate, amendment, question or proposition. All instructions shall be given by precinct officials in a manner that it may be observed by other persons in the polling place. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑5.2)     Sec. 24C‑5.2. Demonstration of Direct Recording Electronic Voting System; Placement in Public Library. When a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System is used in a forthcoming election, the election authority may provide, for the purpose of instructing voters in the election, one demonstrator Direct Recording Electronic Voting System unit for placement in any public library or in any other public or private building within the political subdivision where the election occurs. If the placement of a demonstrator takes place it shall be made available at least 30 days before the election. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

    (10 ILCS 5/24C‑6)
    Sec. 24C‑6. Ballot Information; Arrangement; Direct Recording Electronic Voting System; Absentee Ballots; Spoiled Ballots. The ballot information, shall, as far as practicable, be in the order of arrangement provided for paper ballots, except that the information may be in vertical or horizontal rows, or on a number of separate pages or display screens.
    Ballots for all public questions to be voted on should be provided in a similar manner and must be arranged on the ballot in the places provided for such purposes. All public questions, including but not limited to public questions calling for a constitutional convention, constitutional amendment, or judicial retention, shall be placed on the ballot separate and apart from candidates. Ballots for all public questions shall be clearly designated by borders or different color screens. More than one amendment to the constitution may be placed on the same portion of the ballot sheet. Constitutional convention or constitutional amendment propositions shall be placed on a separate portion of the ballot and designated by borders or unique color screens, unless otherwise provided by administrative rule of the State Board of Elections. More than one public question may be placed on the same portion of the ballot. More than one proposition for retention of judges in office may be placed on the same portion of the ballot.
    The party affiliation, if any, of each candidate or the word "independent", where applicable, shall appear near or under the candidate's name, and the names of candidates for the same office shall be listed vertically under the title of that office. In the case of nonpartisan elections for officers of political subdivisions, unless the statute or an ordinance adopted pursuant to Article VII of the Constitution requires otherwise, the listing of nonpartisan candidates shall not include any party or "independent" designation. If no candidate or candidates file for an office and if no person or persons file a declaration as a write‑in candidate for that office, then below the title of that office the election authority shall print "No Candidate". In primary elections, a separate ballot shall be used for each political party holding a primary, with the ballot arranged to include names of the candidates of the party and public questions and other propositions to be voted upon on the day of the primary election.
    If the ballot includes both candidates for office and public questions or propositions to be voted on, the election official in charge of the election shall divide the ballot in sections for "Candidates" and "Public Questions", or separate ballots may be used.
    Any voter who spoils his or her ballot, makes an error, or has a ballot rejected by the automatic tabulating equipment shall be provided a means of correcting the ballot or obtaining a new ballot prior to casting his or her ballot.
    Any election authority using a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System may use voting systems approved for use under Articles 24A or 24B of this Code in conducting absentee voting in the office of the election authority or voted by mail.
(Source: P.A. 95‑862, eff. 8‑19‑08.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑6.1)     Sec. 24C‑6.1. Security Designation. In all elections conducted under this Article, ballots shall have a security designation. In precincts where more than one ballot configuration may be voted upon, ballots shall have a different security designation for each ballot configuration. If a precinct has only one possible ballot configuration, the ballots must have a security designation to identify the precinct and the election. Where ballots from more than one precinct are being tabulated, the ballots from each precinct must be clearly identified; official results shall not be generated unless the precinct identification for any precinct corresponds. When the tabulating equipment being used requires entering the program immediately before tabulating the ballots for each precinct, the precinct program may be used. The Direct Recording Electronic Voting System shall be designed to ensure that the proper ballot is selected for each polling place and for each ballot configuration and that the format can be matched to the software or firmware required to interpret it correctly. The system shall provide a means of programming each piece of equipment to reflect the ballot requirements of the election and shall include a means for validating the correctness of the program and of the program's installation in the equipment or in a programmable memory device. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

    (10 ILCS 5/24C‑7)
    Sec. 24C‑7. Write‑In Ballots. A Direct Recording Electronic Voting System shall provide an acceptable method for a voter to vote for a person whose name does not appear on the ballot using the same apparatus used to record votes for candidates whose names do appear on the ballot. Election authorities utilizing Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems shall not use separate write‑in ballots.
    Whenever a person has submitted a declaration of intent to be a write‑in candidate as required in Sections 17‑16.1 and 18‑9.1, a space or spaces in which the name of a candidate or candidates may be written in or recorded by the voter shall appear below the name of the last candidate nominated for such office. The number of write‑in lines for an office shall equal the number of persons who have filed declarations of intent to be write‑in candidates plus an additional line or lines for write‑in candidates who qualify to file declarations to be write‑in candidates under Section 17‑16.1 or 18‑9.1 when the certification of ballot contains the words "OBJECTION PENDING" next to the name of the candidate, up to the number of candidates for which a voter may vote.
(Source: P.A. 95‑862, eff. 8‑19‑08.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑8)     Sec. 24C‑8. Preparation for Use; Comparison of Ballots; Operational Checks of Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems Equipment; Pollwatchers. The county clerk or board of election commissioners shall cause the approved Direct Recording Electronic Voting System equipment to be delivered to the polling places. Before the opening of the polls, all Direct Recording Voting System devices shall provide a printed record of the following, upon verification of the authenticity of the commands by a judge of election: the election's identification data, the equipment's unit identification, the ballot's format identification, the contents of each active candidate register by office and of each active public question register showing that they contain all zeros, all ballot fields that can be used to invoke special voting options, and other information needed to ensure the readiness of the equipment, and to accommodate administrative reporting requirements.     The Direct Recording Electronic Voting System shall provide a means of opening the polling place and readying the equipment for the casting of ballots. Such means shall incorporate a security seal, a password, or a data code recognition capability to prevent inadvertent or unauthorized actuation of the poll‑opening function. If more than one step is required, it shall enforce their execution in the proper sequence.     Pollwatchers as provided by law shall be permitted to closely observe the judges in these procedures and to periodically inspect the Direct Recording Electronic Voting System equipment when not in use by the voters. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

    (10 ILCS 5/24C‑9)
    Sec. 24C‑9. Testing of Direct Recording Electronic Voting System Equipment and Programs; Custody of Programs, Test Materials and Ballots. Prior to the public test, the election authority shall conduct an errorless pre‑test of the Direct Recording Electronic Voting System equipment and programs to determine that they will correctly detect voting defects and count the votes cast for all offices and all public questions. On any day not less than 5 days prior to the election day, the election authority shall publicly test the Direct Recording Electronic Voting System equipment and programs to determine that they will correctly detect voting errors and accurately count the votes legally cast for all offices and on all public questions. Public notice of the time and place of the test shall be given at least 48 hours before the test by publishing the notice in one or more newspapers within the election jurisdiction of the election authority, if a newspaper is published in that jurisdiction. If a newspaper is not published in that jurisdiction, notice shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in that jurisdiction. Timely written notice stating the date, time, and location of the public test shall also be provided to the State Board of Elections. The test shall be open to representatives of the political parties, the press, representatives of the State Board of Elections, and the public. The test shall be conducted by entering a pre‑ audited group of votes designed to record a predetermined number of valid votes for each candidate and on each public question, and shall include for each office one or more ballots having votes exceeding the number allowed by law to test the ability of the automatic tabulating equipment to reject the votes. The test shall also include producing an edit listing. In those election jurisdictions where in‑precinct counting equipment is used, a public test of both the equipment and program shall be conducted as nearly as possible in the manner prescribed above. The State Board of Elections may select as many election jurisdictions as the Board deems advisable in the interests of the election process of this State, to order a special test of the automatic tabulating equipment and program before any regular election. The Board may order a special test in any election jurisdiction where, during the preceding 12 months, computer programming errors or other errors in the use of System resulted in vote tabulation errors. Not less than 30 days before any election, the State Board of Elections shall provide written notice to those selected jurisdictions of their intent to conduct a test. Within 5 days of receipt of the State Board of Elections' written notice of intent to conduct a test, the selected jurisdictions shall forward to the principal office of the State Board of Elections a copy of all specimen ballots. The State Board of Elections' tests shall be conducted and completed not less than 2 days before the public test and under the supervision of the Board. The vendor, person, or other private entity shall be solely responsible for the production and cost of: all ballots; additional temporary workers; and other equipment or facilities needed and used in the testing of the vendor's, person's, or other private entity's respective equipment and software. After an errorless test, materials used in the public test, including the program, if appropriate, shall be sealed and remain sealed until the test is run again on election day. If any error is detected, the cause of the error shall be determined and corrected, and an errorless public test shall be made before the automatic tabulating equipment is approved. Each election authority shall file a sealed copy of each tested program to be used within its jurisdiction at an election with the State Board of Elections before the election. The Board shall secure the program or programs of each election jurisdiction so filed in its office until the next election of the same type (general primary, general election, consolidated primary, or consolidated election) for which the program or programs were filed. At the expiration of that time, if no election contest or appeal is pending in an election jurisdiction, the Board shall destroy the sealed program or programs. Except where in‑precinct counting equipment is used, the test shall be repeated immediately before the start of the official counting of the ballots, in the same manner as set forth above. After the completion of the count, the test shall be re‑run using the same program. Immediately after the re‑run, all material used in testing the program and the programs shall be sealed and retained under the custody of the election authority for a period of 60 days. At the expiration of that time the election authority shall destroy the voted ballots, together with all unused ballots returned from the precincts. Provided, if any contest of election is pending at the time in which the ballots may be required as evidence and the election authority has notice of the contest, the same shall not be destroyed until after the contest is finally determined. If the use of back‑up equipment becomes necessary, the same testing required for the original equipment shall be conducted.
(Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03; 94‑1000, eff. 7‑3‑06.)

(10 ILCS 5/24C‑10)     Sec. 24C‑10. Recording of votes by Direct Recording Electronic Voting Systems.     Whenever a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System is used to automatically record and count the votes on ballots, the provisions of this Section shall apply. A voter shall cast a proper vote on a ballot by marking the designated area for the casting of a vote for any party or candidate or for or against any public question. For this purpose, a mark is an intentional selection of the designated area on the ballot by appropriate means and which is not otherwise an identifying mark. (Source: P.A. 93‑574, eff. 8‑21‑03.)

    (10 ILCS 5/24C‑11)
    Sec. 24C‑11. Functional requirements. A Direct Recording Electronic Voting System shall, in addition to satisfying the other requirements of this Article, fulfill the following functional requirements:
    (a) Provide a voter in a primary election with the means of casting a ballot containing votes for any and all candidates of the party or parties of his or her choice, and for any and all non‑partisan candidates and public questions and preclude the voter from voting for any candidate of any other political party except when legally permitted. In a general election, the system shall provide the voter with means of selecting the appropriate number of candidates for any office, and of voting on any public question on the ballot to which he or she is entitled to vote.
    (b) If a voter is not entitled to vote for particular candidates or public questions appearing on the ballot, the system shall prevent the selection of the prohibited votes.
    (c) Once the proper ballot has been selected, the system devices shall provide a means of enabling the recording of votes and the casting of said ballot.
    (d) System voting devices shall provide voting choices that are clear to the voter and labels indicating the names of every candidate and the text of every public question on the voter's ballot. Each label shall identify the selection button or switch, or the active area of the ballot associated with it. The system shall be able to incorporate minimal, easy‑to‑follow on‑screen instruction for the voter on how to cast a ballot.
    (e) Voting devices shall (i) enable the voter to vote for any and all candidates and public questions appearing on the ballot for which the voter is lawfully entitled to vote, in any legal number and combination; (ii) detect and reject all votes for an office or upon a public question when the voter has cast more votes for the office or upon the public question than the voter is entitled to cast; (iii) notify the voter if the voter's choices as recorded on the ballot for an office or public question are fewer than or exceed the number that the voter is entitled to vote for on that office or public question and the effect of casting more or fewer votes than legally permitted; (iv) notify the voter if the voter has failed to completely cast a vote for an office or public question appearing on the ballot; and (v) permit the voter, in a private and independent manner, to verify the votes selected by the voter, to change the ballot or to correct any error on the ballot before the ballot is completely cast and counted. A means shall be provided to indicate each selection after it has been made or canceled.
    (f) System voting devices shall provide a means for the voter to signify that the selection of candidates and public questions has been completed. Upon activation, the system shall record an image of the completed ballot, increment the proper ballot position registers, and shall signify to the voter that the ballot has been cast. The system shall then prevent any further attempt to vote until it has been reset or re‑enabled by a judge of election.
    (g) Each system voting device shall be equipped with a public counter that can be set to zero prior to the opening of the polling place, and that records the number of ballots cast at a particular election. The counter shall be incremented only by the casting of a ballot. The counter shall be designed to prevent disabling or resetting by other than authorized persons after the polls close. The counter shall be visible to all judges of election so long as the device is installed at the polling place.
    (h) Each system voting device shall be equipped with a protective counter that records all of the testing and election ballots cast since the unit was built. This counter shall be designed so that its reading cannot be changed by any cause other than the casting of a ballot. The protective counter shall be incapable of ever being reset and it shall be visible at all times when the device is configured for testing, maintenance, or election use.
    (i) All system devices shall provide a means of preventing further voting once the polling place has closed and after all eligible voters have voted. Such means of control shall incorporate a visible indication of system status. Each device shall prevent any unauthorized use, prevent tampering with ballot labels and preclude its re‑opening once the poll closing has been completed for that election.
    (j) The system shall produce a printed summary report of the votes cast upon each voting device. Until the proper sequence of events associated with closing the polling place has been completed, the system shall not allow the printing of a report or the extraction of data. The printed report shall also contain all system audit information to be required by the election authority. Data shall not be altered or otherwise destroyed by report generation and the system shall ensure the integrity and security of data for a period of at least 6 months after the polls close.
    (k) If more than one voting device is used in a polling place, the system shall provide a means to manually or electronically consolidate the data from all such units into a single report even if different voting systems are used to record absentee ballots. The system shall also be capable of merging the vote tabulation results produced by other vote tabulation systems, if necessary.
    (l) System functions shall be implemented such that unauthorized access to them is prevented and the execution of authorized functions in an improper sequence is precluded. System functions shall be executable only in the intended manner and order, and only under the intended conditions. If the preconditions to a system function have not been met, the function shall be precluded from executing by the system's control logic.
    (m) All system voting devices shall incorporate at least 3 memories in the machine itself and in its programmable memory devices.
    (n) The system shall include capabilities of recording and reporting the date and time of normal and abnormal events and of maintaining a permanent record of audit information that cannot be turned off. Provisions shall be made to detect and record significant events (e.g., casting a ballot, error conditions that cannot be disposed of by the system itself, time‑dependent or programmed events that occur without the intervention of the voter or a judge of election).
    (o) The system and each system voting device must be capable of creating, printing and maintaining a permanent paper record and an electronic image of each ballot that is cast such that records of individual ballots are maintained by a subsystem independent and distinct from the main vote detection, interpretation, processing and reporting path. The electronic images of each ballot must protect the integrity of the data and the anonymity of each voter, for example, by means of storage location scrambling. The ballot image records may be either machine‑readable or manually transcribed, or both, at the discretion of the election authority.
    (p) The system shall include built‑in test, measurement and diagnostic software and hardware for detecting and reporting the system's status and degree of operability.
    (q) The system shall contain provisions for maintaining the integrity of memory voting and audit data during an election and for a period of at least 6 months thereafter and shall provide the means for creating an audit trail.
    (r) The system shall be fully accessible so as to permit blind or visually impaired voters as well as physically disabled voters to exercise their right to vote in private and without assistance.
    (s) The system shall provide alternative language accessibility if required pursuant to Section 203 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
    (t) Each voting device shall enable a voter to vote for a person whose name does not appear on the ballot.
    (u) The system shall record and count accurately each vote properly cast for or against any candidate and for or against any public question, including the names of all candidates whose names are written in by the voters.
    (v) The system shall allow for accepting provisional ballots and for separating such provisional ballots from precinct totals until authorized by the election authority.
    (w) The system shall provide an effective audit trail as defined in Section 24C‑2 in this Code.
    (x) The system shall be suitably designed for the purpose used, be durably constructed, and be designed for safety, accuracy and efficiency.
    (y) The system shall comply with all provisions of federal, State and local election laws and regulations and any future modifications to those laws and regulations.
(Source: P.A. 95‑699, eff. 11‑9‑07.)

    (10 ILCS 5/24C‑12)
    Sec. 24C‑12. Procedures for Counting and Tallying of Ballots. In an election jurisdiction where a Direct Recording Electronic Voting System is used, the following procedures for counting and tallying the ballots shall apply:
    Before the opening of the polls, the judges of elections shall assemble the voting equipment and devices and turn the equipment on. The judges shall, if necessary, take steps to activate the voting devices and counting equipment by inserting into the equipment and voting devices appropriate data cards containing passwords and data codes that will select the proper ballot formats selected for that polling place and that will prevent inadvertent or unauthorized activation of the poll‑opening function. Before voting begins and before ballots are entered into the voting devices, the judges of election shall cause to be printed a record of the following: the election's identification data, the device's unit identification, the ballot's format identification, the contents of each active candidate register by office and of each active public question register showing that they contain all zero votes, all ballot fields that can be used to invoke special voting options, and other information needed to ensure the readiness of the equipment and to accommodate administrative reporting requirements. The judges must also check to be sure that the totals are all zeros in the counting columns and in the public counter affixed to the voting devices.
    After the judges have determined that a person is qualified to vote, a voting device with the proper ballot to which the voter is entitled shall be enabled to be used by the voter. The ballot may then be cast by the voter by marking by appropriate means the designated area of the ballot for the casting of a vote for any candidate or for or against any public question. The voter shall be able to vote for any and all candidates and public measures appearing on the ballot in any legal number and combination and the voter shall be able to delete, change or correct his or her selections before the ballot is cast. The voter shall be able to select candidates whose names do not appear upon the ballot for any office by entering electronically as many names of candidates as the voter is entitled to select for each office.
    Upon completing his or her selection of candidates or public questions, the voter shall signify that voting has been completed by activating the appropriate button, switch or active area of the ballot screen associated with end of voting. Upon activation, the voting system shall record an image of the completed ballot, increment the proper ballot position registers, and shall signify to the voter that the ballot has been cast. Upon activation, the voting system shall also print a permanent paper record of each ballot cast as defined in Section 24C‑2 of this Code. This permanent paper record shall (i) be printed in a clear, readily readable format that can be easily reviewed by the voter for completeness and accuracy and (ii

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