35-12-703. Liability to third parties.

MONTANA STATUTES AND CODES

35-12-703. Liability to third parties.

     35-12-703. Liability to third parties. (1) Except as provided in subsection (4), a limited partner is not liable for the obligations of a limited partnership unless, in addition to the exercise of the rights and powers as a limited partner, the limited partner participates in the control of the business. However, if the limited partner participates in the control of the business, the limited partner is liable only to persons who transact business with the limited partnership reasonably believing, based on the limited partner's conduct, that the limited partner is a general partner.
     (2) A limited partner does not participate in the control of the business within the meaning of subsection (1) solely by doing one or more of the following:
     (a) being a contractor for or an agent or employee of the limited partnership or of a general partner or being an officer, director, or shareholder of a general partner that is a corporation;
     (b) consulting with and advising a general partner with respect to the business of the limited partnership;
     (c) acting as surety for the limited partnership or guaranteeing or assuming one or more specific obligations of the limited partnership;
     (d) taking any action required or permitted by law to bring or pursue a derivative action in the right of the limited partnership;
     (e) requesting or attending a meeting of partners;
     (f) proposing, approving, or disapproving, by voting or otherwise, one or more of the following matters:
     (i) the dissolution and winding up of the limited partnership;
     (ii) the sale, exchange, lease, mortgage, pledge, or other transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the limited partnership;
     (iii) the incurrence of indebtedness by the limited partnership other than in the ordinary course of its business;
     (iv) a change in the nature of the business;
     (v) the admission or removal of a general partner;
     (vi) the admission or removal of a limited partner;
     (vii) a transaction involving an actual or potential conflict of interest between a general partner and the limited partnership or the limited partners;
     (viii) an amendment to the partnership agreement or certificates of limited partnership; or
     (ix) matters related to the business of the limited partnership not otherwise enumerated in this subsection (2)(f) that the partnership states in writing may be subject to the approval or disapproval of limited partners;
     (g) winding up the limited partnership pursuant to 35-12-1203; or
     (h) exercise any right or power permitted to limited partners under this chapter and not specifically enumerated in this subsection (2).
     (3) The enumeration in subsection (2) does not mean that the possession or exercise of any other powers by a limited partner constitutes participation by the limited partner in the business of the limited partnership.
     (4) A limited partner who knowingly permits the limited partner's name to be used in the name of the limited partnership, except under circumstances permitted by 35-12-505(1)(b)(i) and (1)(b)(ii), is liable to creditors who extend credit to the limited partnership without actual knowledge that the limited partner is not a general partner.