(1) Primary tax. -- A tax determined in accordance with the rates hereinafter set forth in this article is hereby imposed for each taxable year on the West Virginia taxable income of every individual, estate and trust.
(2) Minimum tax. -- In addition to the primary tax imposed by this section, there is imposed a minimum tax, which shall be the excess, if any, by which an amount equal to twenty-five percent of any federal minimum tax or alternative minimum tax for the taxable year exceeds the primary tax imposed by this section for the taxable year.
(3) Effective date. -- The minimum tax herein imposed and made effective on and after April 1, 1983, shall expire, be nullified and of no further force or effect whatsoever for tax years beginning on and after January 1, 2010.
(b) Partners and partnerships. -- A partnership as such shall not be subject to tax under this article. Persons carrying on business as partners shall be liable for tax under this article only in their separate or individual capacities.
(c) Associations taxable as corporations. -- An association, trust or other unincorporated organization which is taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, shall not be subject to tax under this article.
(d) Exempt trusts and organizations. -- A trust or other unincorporated organization which by reason of its purposes or activities is exempt from federal income tax shall be exempt from tax under this article (regardless of whether subject to federal income tax on unrelated business taxable income).
(e) Cross references. -- For definitions of West Virginia taxable income of:
(1) Resident individual, see section eleven.
(2) Resident estate or trust, see section eighteen.
(3) Nonresident individual, see section thirty.
(4) Nonresident estate or trust, see section thirty-eight.